What can we learn from the open and attentive perception of children and poets? How does this perception contribute to a methodology that reaches the intricate entanglement of worldly phenomena in its entire otherness? In this essay, we aim to answer these questions, taking into account the phenomeno-logical grounds which lead us to achieve a singular state of perception and, therefore, a more crystal clear knowledge of the beings and things in the lived world. We seek to explore other forms (...) of rationality and aesthetic sensibility, by considering poetic language and a phenomenological understanding of the environment. We argue for a modality of thought that encompasses the foundations of Goethe, Husserl, Bateson, Ingold, Leiris and Krishnamurti to collapse the dichotomy between person and environment. (shrink)

Two experiments were conducted to examine whether the resistance to extinction obtained in evaluative conditioning (EC) studies implies that EC is a qualitatively distinct form of classical conditioning (Baeyens, Eelen, & Crombez, 1995 Baeyens, F, Eelen, P, and Crombez, G, (1995a). Pavlovian associations are forever: On classical conditioning and extinction, Journal of Psychophysiology 9 ((1995a)), pp. 127–141.[Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]a) or whether it is the result of an nonassociative artefact (Field & Davey, 1997 Field, AP, and Davey, GCL, (...) (1997). Conceptual conditioning: Evidence for an artifactual account of evaluative learning, Learning and Motivation 25 ((1997)), pp. 446–464.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar], 1998 Field, AP, and Davey, GCL, (1998). Evaluative conditioning: Arti‐fact or ‐fiction?‐ A reply to Baeyens, De Houwer, Vansteenwegen, and Eelen (1998), Learning and Motivation 29 ((1998)), pp. 475–491.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar], 1999 Field, AP, and Davey, GCL, (1999). Reevaluating evaluative conditioning: A nonassociative explanation of conditioning effects in the visual evaluative conditioning paradigm, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 25 ((1999)), pp. 211–224.[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]). Both experiments included between‐subjects control groups in addition to standard within‐subjects control conditions. In Experiment 1, only verbal ratings were measured in order to evaluate the effect of postacquisition CS‐only exposures on EC whereas in Experiment 2, verbal ratings and postextinction priming effects were measured. The results showed that the EC effects are demonstrable in a between‐subjects design and that the extinction procedure did not have any influence on the acquired evaluative value of CSs regardless of whether the verbal ratings or the priming effects were used as dependent variables. The present results provide evidence that EC is resistant to extinction and suggest an interpretation of EC as a qualitatively distinct form of associative learning. (shrink)

Este artículo aporta una clarificación sobre lo que sí podemos decir de la relación entre este mundo y el futuro anunciado por la esperanza cristiana (escatología). La iluminación según la sagrada Escritura de la recíproca interdependencia y complementariedad entre el futuro intrahistórico y el metahistórico, permite encontrar pautas teórico-prácticas de actuación. Una humanidad nueva conduce a forjar un mundo según el plan de Dios, un mundo donde ha de reinar la paz y la justicia. El futuro es la ciudad de (...) la Paz; construirla es tarea de todos. En esta hora de la historia, la mujer está dando una aportación digna de consideración. El sueño de futuro que alimenta el Apocalipsis no es una ilusión, pues se está gestando ya en lo escondido de la historia. (shrink)

A principios del año 2005, Manuel Escamilla, por entonces editor de los ACFS, me sugirió que recopilara los trabajos publicados desde los comienzos de la revista. Se acercaba el Congreso Mundial de Filosofía del Derecho, que iba a celebrarse en Granada en mayo de 2005, y parecía una buena idea ofrecer un catálogo que incluyera noticia de todas las publicaciones contenidas en la revista desde su aparición, en 1961 hasta la fecha (por entonces, 2004)….

Entrevista con el profesor John Zeleznikow, Catedrático de Gestión y Sistemas de Informaciónen la Universidad de Victoria (Australia) y profesor de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de La Trobe (Australia).

La manifestación de Jesús tiene su punto culminante en el último día de la fiesta de las Tiendas, en el templo de Jerusalén (Jn 7,38-39). Jesús se proclama poseedor y dador del Espíritu. De la comunión con Cristo emerge la potencia del amor divino, el Espíritu, en el creyente. Cristo resucitado, el Espíritu, la libertad, están en relación de mutua implicación, y constituyen un contexto existencial unitario en la persona que los acoge, según san Pablo. Es preciso tomar conciencia del (...) Espíritu presente en nuestra interioridad. Religiosas/os han encarnado la fertilidad del Espíritu y la ilustran para nuestro tiempo. Para entender la vitalidad, la acción del Espíritu que reciben los creyentes debemos mirar a María. (shrink)

Previous research has shown positive relationships between fitness level and different cognitive abilities and academic performance. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between logical–mathematical intelligence and mathematical competence with physical fitness in a group of pre-adolescents. Sixty-three children from Castro del Río, aged between 11 and 12 years, participated in this research. The Superior Logical Intelligence Test and the EVAMAT 1.0–5 battery were used. Physical fitness was evaluated by the horizontal jump test, the 4×10 meter speed–agility (...) test, and the Course Navette test. The analyses showed positive relationships between physical fitness with logical–mathematical intelligence and mathematical competence. Specifically, linear regression analyzes indicated that the 4×10 speed–agility test significantly predicted mathematical competence and the horizontal jump test significantly predicted logical–mathematical intelligence. These results are in agreement with previous research, highlighting the importance of improving physical fitness from an early age due to its benefits for intellectual and academic development. (shrink)

The objective of this study is to determine the contribution made by knowledge of letters, phonological awareness, phonological memory, and alphanumeric and non-alphanumeric rapid automatized naming at the ages of six and seven to the ability of Spanish children to read words at 7 years of age. A total of 116 Spanish-speaking school children took part in the study, from schools located in an average socio-cultural setting, without special educational needs. The reading ability of these pupils was evaluated at the (...) age of seven, and cognitive variables were assessed at 6 and 7 years of age. Descriptive-exploratory analyses, bivariate analyses, and multivariate regressions were performed. The results show that cognitive variables measured at these ages contribute differently to the ability to read words at 7 years of age. Rapid naming does not seem to influence word reading; knowledge of letters no longer influences word reading as children grow older; and phonological awareness and phonological memory maintain their contribution to the explanation of word reading. These results indicate that reading in Spanish depends on different cognitive variables and that this relationship varies according to age. The findings have key educational implications in terms of teaching reading skills and the prevention of specific learning difficulties in Spanish Primary Education. (shrink)

Global environmental problems, such as global warming, pollution, or deforestation, are critical issues that require a rapid and common response. In this context, companies play a decisive role in achieving environmental objectives through the ecological knowledge they can store and manage. In this context, the present research focuses its interest on analyzing how the set of green intangibles possessed by organizations, i.e., Green Intellectual Capital, affects their Green Performance. Specifically, the study shows how GP is influenced by GIC through the (...) mediating role of the Green Innovation variable. Therefore, the research questions to be answered by this study are as follows: Does GIC influence environmental performance? Does GI mediate the GIC-GP relationship? What actions can companies take to improve their GP? There are several reasons that have led us to carry out this research. First, there is little empirical evidence of the relationships proposed in this study. Second, to the best of our knowledge, there is no previous research that has contextualized the relationships raised in the wine industry, thus representing an advance in the comprehension of the constructs studied. Third, GIC represents an incipient field of study that needs to be developed and established within the literature linked to Intellectual Capital. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, data from a survey of 202 wineries in Spain were used and a quantitative approach was followed using Structural Equation Modeling. The results of the research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between GIC and GP. In addition, GI partially mediates the relationship between these two variables, playing a key role in the environmental management of wineries. The theoretical and practical contributions of the study improve the understanding of the relationships raised, being a pioneering study due to its contextualization in the wine industry, as well as providing a series of guidelines for both environmental managers and winemakers to improve their GP. (shrink)

IntroductionThe present study aims at analysing how social support received and provided by parents of children, adolescents and young adults (AYA) diagnosed with cancer, as well as their sociodemographic and clinical variables, affect those parents’ stress levels and life and family satisfaction.Materials and MethodsA total of 112 parents of children and AYAs who had been diagnosed with cancer and who received treatment in Malaga participated in the study. In the study, participated all parents who voluntarily agreed to fulfil the questionnaire. (...) The main inclusion criterion was that their child had cancer. Instruments used were Questionnaire on the Frequency of and Satisfaction with Social Support (QFSSS), Paediatric Inventory for Parents (PIP), Life Satisfaction Scale and Family Satisfaction Scale.ResultsIn the mean difference analyses, male parents showed 3.38 (SD = 0.56) in social support received and female parents showedM = 3.08 (SD = 0.72). Conversely, in social support provided, female parents showed 3.22 and male parents showedM = 3.55 (p = 0.020). Significant differences were also found in family satisfaction, where female parents (M = 3.64) feel more satisfied than male parents (M = 3.06;p = 0.027). Parents of children aged between 0 and 14 years (M = 3.06) feel more stress than those parents of children aged 15–21 (M = 2.61;p = 0.021). The correlation analysis shows that there is a negative and significant relation between stress levels experienced by parents when facing different situations related to the child’s disease and both types of support, receivedr = −0.411,p < 0.001 and providedr = −0.282,p < 0.01. There is also a positive and significant relation between life satisfaction and social support receivedr = 0.292,p < 0.01, and social support providedr = 0.409,p < 0.001. There is a positive and significant relation between family satisfaction and social support receivedr = 0.330,p < 0.01, in the same way as with social support providedr = 0.222,p < 0.05. The regression analysis related to stress levels of parents indicates that social support received predicts levels of stress significantlyp < 0.001, with the variable of number of children being the one that showed to be significantp < 0.05. Social support provided showed the most significant resultsp = 0.001, meaning that social support provided increased life satisfaction. Social support received explains family satisfaction (p = 0.50), as it increases the family satisfaction of parents of children with cancer.DiscussionAnalysing social support received and provided, as well as sociodemographic and clinical variables, allowed us to broaden the knowledge on the effect social support has on stress levels, life satisfaction and family satisfaction in parents of children and AYAs diagnosed with cancer. This may have relevant practical implications for the design of interventions that would improve parents’ lives. (shrink)

The prediction of legal judgments is one of the most recognized fields in Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Law combined. By legal prediction, we mean intelligent systems capable of predicting specific judicial characteristics such as the judicial outcome, the judicial class, and the prediction of a particular case. In this study, we used an artificial intelligence classifier to predict the decisions of Brazilian courts. To this end, we developed a text crawler to extract data from official Brazilian electronic legal (...) systems, consisting of two datasets of cases of second-degree murder and active corruption. We applied various classifiers, such as Support Vector Machines, Neural Networks, and others, to predict judicial outcomes by analyzing text features from the dataset. Our research demonstrated that Regression Trees, Gated Recurring Units, and Hierarchical Attention Networks tended to have higher metrics across our datasets. As the final goal, we searched the weights of one of the algorithms, Hierarchical Attention Networks, to find samples of the words that might be used to acquit or convict defendants based on their relevance to the algorithm. (shrink)

In this paper we deal with some limitations of the Philosophy of Religion and the Philosophical Theology of Zubiri. In section 1 we discuss ten topics relevant to Phenomenology of Religion as explained in the course The Theologal Problem of Man (1971). They have to do with the intellectual access to God, the nature of faith, religion, the divine and the sacred, the personal and institutional dimensions of religion, the diversity of religions, their historicity, the superiority of theism and Christianity (...) as the supreme truth of religion. In section 2.1 we discuss the approach to the ‘problem of God’ in the Final Writing (1983) of Man and God. Starting from the ‘relatively absolute’ character of human being, Zubiri shows that he is ‘religated’ to the ‘power of the real’. The ‘enigmatic’ nature of this situation would ‘throw us’ towards its ground. In 2.2 we deal with the exposition that he made in the Rome Course (1973) of the ‘path of religation’, which intends to lead from the fact of religation to the reality of an ‘absolutely absolute’ ground of reality. Throughout these three sections we explain the multiple difficulties of historical, phenomenological, epistemological and metaphysical nature that we find in his argumentation. (shrink)

Resumen: Especialmente la investigación sociológica empírica realizada desde la perspectiva cualitativa se encuentra con frecuencia con la sorpresa de que los sujetos observados no hablan sobre el fenómeno estudiado. El artículo que se presenta se hace la pregunta sobre hasta qué punto este callar puede considerarse una prueba sociológica y, sobre todo, una prueba de qué. Para ello, primero parte de una experiencia concreta de investigación, un estudio que inquiriendo sobre el próximo futuro a una muestra de distintas categorías de (...) la sociedad española se encuentra con una elevada preocupación sobre el cambio climático en la perspectiva cuantitativa, pero un silencio casi absoluto sobre el fenómeno en la perspectiva cualitativa. Después de avanzar algunas interpretaciones sobre el hallazgo, se ve la necesidad de conceptualizar qué es un discurso para la sociología empírica, haciendo especialmente referencia a Foucault y Boltanski, y cuáles son sus elementos básicos e imprescindibles. Así y con base en la obra de Schutz sobre la relevancia, se alcanza la tesis de que una de las explicaciones por las que un fenómeno tan relevante como el cambio climático no llegue a la palabra de los sujetos es porque se trata de un fenómeno socialmente sedimentado y sin discurso.: Sometimes results from qualitative perspective in empirical sociological research shows that observed subjects do not talk about the phenomenon studied. This paper asks about the extent to which this silence can be considered a sociological evidence. If so, then an evidence of what. First it is presented a study that inquiries about the near future to Spanish society about climate change in a qualitative perspective, but an almost absolute silence about the subject by the qualitative perspective. After some interpretations about these results, it becomes necessary to redefine the concept of discourse for the sociological research, with special references to Foucault and Boltanski, in order to point out its basic and essential elements. In this way, we proposed that a phenomenon as relevant as climate change does not reach to daily conversation because it is socially sedimented and it has not got a discourse. (shrink)

Este artículo examina la relevancia de santo Tomás de Aquino en nuestra época, considerando tanto su contexto histórico como los elementos atemporales de su pensamiento. En la primera parte, se destacan las características sociales, políticas y culturales de la Edad Media, y se analiza cómo estos factores influyeron en la vida y obra de Tomás de Aquino. La segunda parte se centra en la actualidad de su doctrina, abordando la constitución del pensamiento humano y su relación con la verdad, así (...) como la construcción del mundo moral. Se resalta la importancia de la experiencia sensorial como base del conocimiento y la necesidad de una vida moralmente buena conforme a la razón. La obra de Tomás, presentada como un modelo de humildad intelectual y perseverancia en la búsqueda de la verdad, ofrece una filosofía que sigue siendo relevante para el entendimiento del ser humano y su realización personal. (shrink)

This article does a research into a theme that has not been studied specifically. This is curious, as the idea of philosophy is the most important one in Ortega y Gasset’s system. Here, it is considered concerning its specifity: the principles of pantonomy and autonomy his platitudinous nature and its integrating and critical functions. As it can be seen, Philosophy’s traditional characteristics. Ortega sets them out in a masterly way, reaching its hight literary brilliance when he praises Philosophy.

El punto de inflexión que marcó el inicio de los constantes conflictos entre la comunidad judía y la comunidad árabe se dio en 1947. Este año marcó el antes y el después luego de los diversos conflictos internos que se desarrollaban en torno a la cultura y la religión que tambaleaba en torno a la migración y el multiculturalismo. Desde entonces Israel ha sabido consolidarse como un Estado con suficiente poder fiscal y militar para mantener su territorio y continuar ocupado (...) regiones que por derecho no se constituyen como suyas valiéndose de métodos como el control de los recursos hídricos fundamentales para que los asentamientos puedan permanecer. En cuanto a la comunidad árabe, la desposesión por la cual se ha visto afectada evidencia la constante violación de derechos humanos, de libertades políticas y discriminación por parte de la comunidad judía que les ha negado cualquier posibilidad de constituirse en autonomía como Estado independiente y declarado. Diversos sectores y organismos internacionales los apoyan y se ha mostrado el interés por constituirse y declararse Estado, pero el estado de guerra sigue presente en el país, lo que evidencia un obstáculo para lograr su liberación y reorganización política, social, económica y cultural. (shrink)

Introducción: El consentimiento informado es un procedimiento que brinda oportunidad a los pacientes de disponer de información y participar en la toma de decisiones médicas. Sin embargo, existe el criterio de que el nivel de entendimiento de la información aportada por los facultativos al paciente, sus familiares o ambos, es bajo y además, muchos médicos lo consideran como una herramienta de trabajo secundaria o que no es necesario realizarla con inmediatez. Objetivo: Evaluar la percepción y experiencia del personal sanitario de (...) la unidad de terapia polivalente del Hospital Docente Clínico Quirúrgico "Joaquín Albarrán" acerca del consentimiento informado. Método: Estudio descriptivo realizado en la unidad de terapia polivalente del Hospital "Joaquín Albarrán" de enero a marzo del 2013. Se aplicó una encuesta a 67 trabajadores que accedieron voluntariamente a responderla. Resultados: El 60 % de los encuestados tenía menos de dos años de trabajo en la unidad y solo el 45 %, conocimientos básicos de ética médica. Únicamente el 50 % de los interrogados consideró que este procedimiento puede mejorar la relación médico-paciente. Conclusiones: Es necesario incrementar el conocimiento sobre la utilidad del consentimiento informado entre los trabajadores de la unidad para aprovechar al máximo sus beneficios. Introduction: Informed consent is a procedure that offers full opportunity for patients to have access to information and participate in medical decision-makings. However, it is believed that the information given by the doctors are not fully understood by the patients, their families or both, and besides that many doctors consider it as a second tool or something that doesn't have to be done right away. Objective: Evaluate the perception and experience of the health staff of the polyvalent unit of the surgical clinical teaching hospital Joaquin Albarrán about informed consent. Method: Descriptive study carried out in the polyvalent unit of Joaquin Albarrán Hospital from January to march 2013. A survey was given to 67 workers who voluntarily agreed to answer it. Results: The 60% of the participants had been working in the unit for less than 2 years and only 45% of them had basic knowledge of medical ethics. Only 50% of the participants considered that this procedure could help to improve doctor-patient relationship. Conclusions: It is necessary to increase the knowledge of the usefulness of the informed consent among the workers of the unit to have full profit from it. (shrink)

El presente trabajo persigue aclarar y explicitar los fundamentos ontológicos presentes en el tratado Realidad y substancia, de Antonio Escohotado. De modo sintético el sujeto se funda en la nada el recorrido de la esencia, que se redefinirá como invenir para alcanzar el mayor grado de objetividad en el acto, en la actividad de lo real. Al fin, inmerso en una realidad dinámica se postula la vida, ya no como sujeto, para ahondar en la experiencia como un tránsito en el (...) que el conocimiento es posible dentro de lo indeterminado. (shrink)